Gambling is the wagering of something of value on an event that is based on randomness and chance with the intent to win. It includes games of skill such as poker or blackjack, as well as betting on events like horse and greyhound races, football accumulators or political elections. It can also involve speculating on business, insurance or stocks. In the United States, gambling is regulated by state and federal laws, and there are strict restrictions on where and how people can gamble.

Some forms of gambling are more likely to lead to problems than others. People who have a family history of mental illness or substance abuse are at increased risk for developing problem gambling. Many people with gambling disorders are secretive about their habits, and some try to hide their gambling from friends and family. People who feel they need to bet in secret may have underlying mood disorders, such as depression or anxiety, that contribute to their gambling problems.

The causes of gambling problems are complex and vary from person to person. A person’s genetic predisposition to thrill-seeking behavior and impulsivity may play a role. Studies of brain imaging show differences in how people process reward information, control impulses and weigh risk. Some people have a distorted view of the risks involved in gambling, and this can make it hard for them to recognize when they have a problem.

A variety of techniques are used to treat gambling disorders, including cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy and family therapy. Support groups for people with gambling problems are also available. Some of these are based on peer support and are similar to Alcoholics Anonymous. Others are specialized in treating specific types of gambling disorder, such as compulsive gambling or pathological gambling. Some people with gambling disorders are able to overcome their problems on their own, but most need help to stop.

For those who need help, the first step is to seek counseling. There are no FDA-approved medications to treat gambling disorders, but some drugs can help with co-occurring conditions such as depression or anxiety. Individuals who are unable to stop gambling on their own can benefit from residential treatment and rehabilitation programs, where they will receive round-the-clock care from trained professionals.

If you have a loved one with a gambling problem, it is important to set boundaries in managing the household finances. You can do this by limiting access to credit cards and by creating a budget for spending. You can also help your loved one find other ways to spend time, such as joining a book club or sports team, taking an education class or volunteering for a charitable cause. You can also reach out to a support group for families of problem gamblers, such as Gamblers Anonymous, which follows a 12-step recovery program similar to Alcoholics Anonymous. Lastly, it is important to seek counseling for yourself if you are struggling with feelings of anger or guilt related to your loved one’s gambling behavior.